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Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, was a renowned Indian teacher and philosopher. He lived during the 4th century BCE and is widely recognized as the author of the Arthashastra, an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economics, and military strategy. Chanakya's teachings and principles have significantly influenced Indian political thought and governance throughout history. His expertise in statecraft and diplomacy earned him the title of "Indian Machiavelli."