Answer
microRNA (miRNA) is a type of small RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in gene regulation. It was discovered by Victor Ambros in 2000. miRNAs are transcribed from DNA and then processed into mature miRNAs, which bind to specific target mRNAs and inhibit their translation or cause their degradation. This process allows miRNAs to control gene expression and influence various cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and disease.