Answer
Caravan was the primary mode of travel for Ibn Fadlan. Caravans were groups of travelers, merchants, and animals that journeyed together for safety and support. They traveled long distances across deserts and other challenging terrain, carrying goods and supplies. Ibn Fadlan's journey to the Volga Bulgars in the 10th century was undertaken as part of a caravan, which provided him with protection and companionship during his arduous expedition.