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Which justice's retirement made Kennedy the swing vote?

  • Sandra Day O'Connor

  • David Souter

  • John Paul Stevens

  • Harry Blackmun

Answer

Sandra Day O'Connor's retirement in 2006 created a vacancy on the Supreme Court, which was filled by conservative Samuel Alito. This shifted the court's ideological balance, making Kennedy the pivotal swing vote in many cases. Kennedy's moderate views and willingness to side with either the liberal or conservative bloc often determined the outcome of closely contested decisions.
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