Answer
In 1934, Michael Polanyi's research focused on the dislocation theory of plastic deformation. This theory explains how materials deform plastically, or permanently, under stress. Polanyi proposed that dislocations, which are defects in the crystal structure of a material, play a key role in plastic deformation. By understanding the behavior of dislocations, scientists can better understand the mechanical properties of materials and design materials with improved strength and ductility.