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Physicist Rudolf Mössbauer, known for his groundbreaking work in nuclear physics, is celebrated for his discovery of the Mössbauer effect. This phenomenon, which involves the emission and absorption of gamma rays without recoil, has revolutionized the study of materials and led to advancements in fields such as chemistry, biology, and geology. Mössbauer's research has had a profound impact on our understanding of the atomic and molecular structure of matter.