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Waksman was born in 1888. He was a Russian-American microbiologist and biochemist who discovered the first antibiotic, streptomycin, in 1943. Waksman's discovery revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections and earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1952. He also made significant contributions to the field of soil microbiology and is considered one of the founders of the field of antibiotics.