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Sergei Korolev was the Chief Designer of the Soviet space program. He worked closely with Mikhail Yangel, who was responsible for the Soviet Intercontinental ballistic missile program. Together, they developed the R-7 Semyorka, which was the first intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-7 Semyorka was also used as the launch vehicle for the first artificial satellite, Sputnik, and the first manned spaceflight, Vostok 1.