Does "fractionally charged excitations" refer to?
Particles with whole electric charges
Particles with no electric charges
Particles with fractional electric charges
Particles with multiple electric charges
Answer
Fractionally charged excitations are particles with fractional electric charges. Fractional charges are non-integer values of electric charge. These particles have been observed in a number of different systems, including high-temperature superconductors and fractional quantum Hall effect systems. Fractionally charged excitations are important because they provide evidence for the existence of new states of matter.
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