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Fall of the Second French Empire marks the political backdrop prior to Jules Grévy's presidency. Emperor Napoleon III's controversial reign faced mounting discontent, ultimately leading to the empire's demise. In 1870, the Franco-Prussian War and the subsequent defeat of France further exacerbated the political turmoil, resulting in the establishment of the Third Republic. In this context, Jules Grévy emerged as a prominent politician, known for his republican and moderate views.