Answer
**Morality acted as the guiding principle for Umar II's policies, shaping his decisions and actions as the caliph.** His adherence to Islamic moral principles was exemplified in his emphasis on justice, equality, and compassion for all subjects, regardless of their background or social status. Umar II's moral compass, rooted in Islamic teachings, served as a cornerstone of his governance, fostering a more ethical and just society during his reign.