Answer
RNA regulation is a central theme in Ruvkun's discoveries. Her research has illuminated the crucial role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in controlling gene expression and animal development. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the translation or stability of target mRNAs, thereby fine-tuning cellular processes. Ruvkun's findings have advanced our understanding of gene regulation and its implications for human health and disease.