What was the main focus of Abd al-Malik's reforms?
Centralization
Decentralization
Expansion
Trade
Answer
Centralization was the cornerstone of Abd al-Malik's reforms. He sought to consolidate power within the Umayyad caliphate by establishing a strong central government. This involved implementing a standardized system of administration, currency, and taxation, as well as creating a professional army loyal to the caliph. By centralizing authority, Abd al-Malik aimed to increase efficiency, maintain stability, and strengthen the unity of the vast Islamic empire.
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