Answer
The Mughal Dynasty, to which Bahadur Shah Zafar belonged, was a prominent Muslim dynasty that ruled over the Indian subcontinent from the 16th to the 19th century. Founded by Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur, a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, the Mughals expanded their empire and established a centralized system of government. They were known for their architectural marvels, including the Taj Mahal, and their patronage of art, literature, and music.