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COINTELPRO was an illegal counter-intelligence program carried out by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the United States from 1956 to 1971. The program was designed to disrupt, discredit, and neutralize political organizations and individuals deemed subversive by the U.S. government. Hampton was a member of the Black Panther Party, and his death was one of many assassinations of Black Panther members that occurred during the COINTELPRO era.