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Léopold Sédar Senghor was born on October 9, 1906. He was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who served as the first president of Senegal from 1960 to 1980. Senghor was a major figure in the Negritude movement, which celebrated African culture and identity. He was also a prominent advocate for pan-Africanism and the unity of the African continent.