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Soyuz 30, the spacecraft that Mirosław Hermaszewski flew on his historic mission in 1978, was part of the Soviet Union's Soyuz program, designed for human spaceflight. Hermaszewski became the first Polish cosmonaut and the 95th person to travel to space, joining a select group of pioneers in space exploration. The mission, which lasted 8 days, involved experiments, observations of Earth, and technical tasks.